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The Filtration Law provides control and flexibility for the fluid loss
mechanisms. Conventional is the standard diffusion type fluid loss model as
used in MFrac. The Steady-State option is useful for long injection times
when the leakoff rate is no longer controlled by diffusion but rather by
steady-state injection and production.
Conventional
The Conventional option is the standard type of fluid loss mechanism
where the rate of fluid loss to the formation is governed by the total
leakoff coefficient. This is referred to as diffusion type leakoff because
the fluid loss mechanism is diffusion controlled.
Steady-State
This option should be used for long periods of waterflood injection. The
steady-state equations are based on the assumption that the reservoir is in
a pseudosteady-state mode of injection and production. That is the
production rate is equal to the injection rate resulting in a
pseudosteady-state pressure behavior of the reservoir.
Although steady-state fluid loss is not diffusion controlled at long
injection periods, the leakoff velocity at early times is diffusion
controlled (i.e. the leakoff velocity is inversely proportional to the
square root of time). This option accounts for the fluid loss behavior
changing from the conventional diffusion leakoff to a steady-state fluid
loss controlled mechanism.
The resulting leakoff velocity for steady-state behavior approaches an
asymptotic value. This results in a constant leakoff velocity since as time
increases the fracture length asymptotes to a constant value.
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